It is understood that there are more than 400 silicon material manufacturing enterprises in Lianyungang City. Among the six major series of products, the production of silicon fine powder, quartz glass tubes and quartz glass raw materials all account for more than 80% of the country, and high-quality piezoelectric quartz crystals account for more than 60% of the country. Quartz lighting fixtures account for more than 40% of the country. In the next three years, Lianyungang will fully build four national silicon material industrial bases of epoxy molding plastics, silicon powder, quartz glass raw materials, and quartz glass tubes. It plans to build a provincial silicon (information) material industrial park, and strive to form a domestic country as soon as possible. The largest and strongest internationally renowned large-scale professional production base.
Lianyungang City is rich in silicon resources, with 300 million tons of quartz reserves and more than 300,000 tons of crystal reserves. Donghai County within its jurisdiction is known as the “Crystal Capital of Chinaâ€. Under the guidance and promotion of the municipal party committee and government, the advantages of the city's silicon industry have become more significant in recent years. CLP Huawei Electronics Co., Ltd. is the national 863 plan achievement industrialization base, with an annual output of 7,000 tons, the product has seven series and more than 80 varieties, and nearly 20 new epoxy molding plastic products have filled the domestic gap. The silicon resource processing industry in Donghai County has 56 enterprises above designated size.
Outstanding 2002-03
1 Introduction
China produced about 5,500 tons of transparent quartz glass in 2001, and 90% of its raw materials used quartz powder produced by the East China Sea. There are 4 obvious characteristics of Donghai quartz powder:
1. High purity: After simple treatment, the total impurity content can reach below 40ppm.
2. Good melting performance: there are few bubbles in the melted transparent quartz glass (probably because of low gas content).
3. The price is cheap: the original ore is buried within tens of meters of the surface, and it is located in the plain area, which is easy to mine.
4. Large storage capacity: After years of mining, there are still no signs of resource constraints.
The geological structure of the East China Sea area is special in the world, and the quartz mines in the East China Sea are also special in the world. Years of application have proved that it is suitable for the production of high-purity transparent quartz glass and has good development prospects.
2 History, distribution and characteristics
Jiangsu Donghai County is located in the north of the Yangtze River, near the coast of the East China Sea in Shandong, with mountains in the north and hills in the south. Quartz is mainly produced in hills near the mountains.
According to research, the East China Sea quartz mine was generated about 2.3 billion years ago. Some quartz veins are exposed to the surface under the environment of long-term uplift and erosion, and are mixed with sediment after being broken. Quartz veins still buried underground are in a native state.
The quartz veins of the East China Sea are scattered and distributed in small veins. The distribution area is about 250 square kilometers (25 kilometers from east to west and 10 kilometers from north to south).
The thickness of quartz veins in the East China Sea ranges from a few meters to ten meters, the width is several meters to ten meters, and the length is ten meters to hundreds of meters. The weight of a quartz vein ranges from a few tons to tens of thousands of tons. Quartz veins basically exist in the shape of a band, similar to a comet. In general, the large head is slanted in the rock, the thin tail extends out of the rock layer, some is buried in the soil layer, and some is exposed to the ground. In the quartz vein, generally the farther away from the center, the smaller the crystal; the crystal of the head is larger, and some have a crystal hole in the center of the head. On the edge of the quartz vein is the mica layer. Then there is gneiss, the quartz color close to mica is black, with high impurities and moisture content.
3 Reserves and purity
According to the survey and calculation of the geological department, within 30 meters of the shallow surface of the East China Sea, the quartz ore resources that can be used as raw materials for quartz glass are about 1 million tons. In the past 40 years, 150,000 tons have been mined. In recent years, the amount of mining has been 8,000 tons per year.
Content of trace chemical elements in quartz powder [average value, unit PPM]
Al Fe Ca Mg Cu Co Ni Mn Ti Na K Li
Tokai A 13 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.6 0.04 0.05 0.1 2 0.6 1.9 1.1
Tokai B 15 2.5 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.04 0.05 0.1 3 2.6 2.2 1.8
Tokai C 18 5.1 5.4 1.2 0.6 0.04 0.05 0.1 4 4.0 6.2 1.9
Quintessa 300 0.8 11 0.5 0.1 0.0005 0.05 0.08 39 31 0.8
IOTA-B 15 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.0005 0.05 0.08 1.4 0.9 0.7 0.7
-4 7.9 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.05 0.0005 0.05 0.08 1.4 1.0 0.4 0.2
-6 7.9 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.0005 0.05 0.08 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.2
4 Development process
The transparent quartz glass produced by the vacuum pressure resistance furnace and the oxyhydrogen flame generally requires quartz powder processed with quartz crystals with a single crystal size greater than 10 mm. After 90 years, the electric continuous melting technology is used. Due to the improved melting capacity, the diameter is greater than A 1 mm quartz crystal can also melt quartz glass without bubbles. The former accounts for about 0.5% of the total quartz ore, and the latter accounts for more than 50%.
The United States Uniming Company visited the East China Sea around 1990; tried to develop the quartz mines in the East China Sea; and finally concluded that the historical origin of the East China Sea mine is different from that of the United States mine, and the United States company Uniming ’s quartz powder production technology is not suitable for the development of the East China Sea mine.
The Donghai 105 mine once loaned 15 million yuan for the development of the Donghai mine to produce high-quality quartz powder. However, because the technical route was not correct and the purity problem was not solved, the investment failed.
The Glass Institute of China Building Materials Institute has been studying the production technology of high-purity quartz powder for decades, especially since it cooperated with Jinda Gemstone Products Co., Ltd. in 1996 and has made considerable progress. The main work focuses on the analysis of the original ore, beneficiation, and purification process; it is estimated that it is not far from the breakthrough. The main problem is the low investment intensity.
Conclusion: The raw materials of the East China Sea require special processing methods, which are different from other mines.
5 Research direction
1 Prospect and survey the quartz deposits in the East China Sea to find high-quality veins.
2 Raw ore of different quality is mined and processed separately. At present, the processing method of quartz powder is that all quartz veins are processed into quartz powder, and good and bad minerals are mixed together for processing, which causes the overall quality of quartz powder to decrease and it is difficult to purify it. The quality of quartz mines should be judged and graded before mining; different quartz veins have different qualities, different locations of the same quartz veins, and different qualities; establish a scientific method for quartz mine quality assessment and select high-quality quartz mines for special processing Effective means to improve the quality of quartz powder.
3 Research and purification methods. The purity of natural quartz ore can no longer meet the needs of technological development, and the purification technology must be studied according to the specific characteristics of the Donghai mine. According to available data; it is possible to reduce impurities such as hydroxyl groups, alkali metals and excessive metal oxides.
4 Storage of large quantities of raw ore to improve the consistency of the quality of quartz powder is necessary for large-scale industrial production; an effective method is to store raw materials in large quantities and combine raw ores of the same quality for processing together. Because the formation history of each vein is different, the quality of different locations of the same vein is also very different, which ultimately affects the instability of the quality of quartz glass products.
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