Common troubleshooting and maintenance of centrifuge

During the use process, the phenomenon that the motor cannot be started often occurs. If the main power indicator is on, the degree of carbon brush wear should be checked. If the carbon brush wear exceeds one third of the total amount, the new carbon brush should be replaced in time. When the main power indicator is off, check whether the indicator fuse and the indoor distribution board fuse are blown, and check whether the power cord is in good contact. If the fuse is broken, replace the fuse and keep the circuit smooth. Also check the vacuum pump gauge and the oil pressure indication value. If the oil pressure is too high and the host cannot start, you must check whether the oil lines are blocked, especially if the throttle orifice is unblocked. If it is unblocked, it should be cleaned to make it unblocked.

The bearing is damaged or the rotation is blocked. The lack of oil in the bearing or the large amount of dirt in the bearing causes the increase in frictional resistance. If the motor does not reach the rated speed, the bearing should be cleaned or replaced in time. There is a layer of oxide on the surface of the commutator. Even if the fired unevenness or the brush does not match the outer edge of the commutator, the speed can be reduced. The commutator and the brush should be cleaned to make good contact. If there is a short circuit or open circuit in the rotor coil, you can check it with a multimeter and rewind the coil. When the rotor is in use, the centrifuge tube may rupture due to metal fatigue, overspeed, overstress, chemical corrosion, improper selection, unbalanced use of the rotating head, and temperature runaway. The sample may leak and the rotor may be damaged. For the above situations, the operator is required to master the operation procedures, select the appropriate centrifuge tube and centrifuge rotor correctly, pay attention to strictly control each step of the operation sequence, minimize artificial unnecessary damage, and use it within the safety factor and warranty period of the rotor .

The failure of power supply is one of the reasons that cause the refrigerator to start up and the cooling effect is poor. It is the same as the failure of the motor not to turn. Check the power supply and fuse separately. If the voltage is too low, the safety device may also fail to start the refrigerator. If the voltage is too low, it may be that the grid voltage is low; the distribution board has too much wiring; the power cord is too long (ideal length is 3 meters). Insufficient power cord capacity not only reduces the voltage, but also causes accidents. When the power supply voltage drops to 180-190VJ, the refrigerator cannot start, which affects the cooling effect. Poor ventilation performance, such as the instrument is installed in direct sunlight or poor ventilation, the radiator effect is poor, or the radiator cover is covered with dust, which will also affect the cooling effect. The weight of the centrifuge tube is unbalanced and placed asymmetrically; there are foreign objects in the rotor hole, which makes the load unbalanced; the fixed nut on the upper end of the rotating shaft is loose, and the rotating shaft is rubbed or bent; the rotor of the motor is not in the center of the magnetic field, which will produce noise; Strong vibration and abnormal noise.

Most of the above reasons are caused by improper operation. After finding the cause, correct operation can eliminate abnormal phenomena. In the course of work, if any abnormal phenomenon occurs, it should be stopped immediately, and it must not be forced to avoid unnecessary losses. F Introduction to centrifuge maintenance and attention. Item: The installation of the centrifuge should be selected according to the performance of the centrifuge. The general low-speed centrifuge (desktop) can be placed on a stable and sturdy table (its base is equipped with rubber suction feet, with the help of atmospheric force Pressure and the weight of the instrument itself should be close to the table); large-capacity low-speed centrifuges and high-speed centrifuges and high-speed refrigerated centrifuges should be placed on solid ground accordingly and placed horizontally. The ultracentrifuge weighs hundreds of kilograms, should be placed on a very solid ground and equipped with dustproof and moisture-proof equipment to ensure that the centrifuge chamber reaches a certain vacuum level and operates normally. Before choosing a suitable rotating head centrifuge, the load should be balanced, the smaller the weight error, the better, otherwise it will cause violent vibration and damage the centrifuge rotor and rotating shaft. Centrifuge Bracket The centrifuge separation bracket must be installed after the centrifuge tube is operated. It is strictly forbidden to run with empty rack. When the centrifuge is started, the speed switch or the G value knob is placed in the low gear, and after starting, it is gradually adjusted to the required value.

After working once, turn the knob to low gear again to work again, and prohibit direct start at high speed or G gear. The maximum speed of the rotor should be reduced in the following cases when the rotor's operating time and number of operations reach the specified life. When the rotor suffers partial surface damage or slight corrosion in the tube hole. When using stainless steel centrifuge tubes, sleeves, thick-walled tubes or centrifuge bottles. When the average density of the sample exceeds 1.2g / cm3, the practical speed N is: N = N ×, /1.2/ Average density of the sample, where N is the practical speed and N is the maximum speed. When the rotor is exposed to high temperatures. Maintenance of the rotor Before each use, the rotor must be strictly checked for foreign objects and dirt in order to maintain balance. The rotor must be kept dry and clean, and do not bump or scratch. If it is accidentally lost, the rotor should be examined by X-ray filming to confirm that there is no internal damage before use. Centrifuge tubes Centrifuge tubes can be made from many different materials, such as polyethylene (PE), cellulose (CAB), polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), etc. The tensile strength and elongation of various centrifuge tubes are different, so they should be selected as required. Pay attention to ensure that the samples, solvents and gradient materials do not corrode the centrifuge tubes and cover components. The centrifuge tubes are out of date, aging, cracked or have been corroded. Try not to use or reduce the speed to control the number of times the plastic centrifuge tubes are used, and pay attention to the specifications. During centrifugation, the lid of the centrifuge chamber must be opened. Do not hit the rotating rotor and centrifuge tube with hands or foreign objects. For low-temperature centrifugal samples, the empty rotor should be pre-cooled for a certain period of time at 2000r / min. The temperature should be controlled at about 0 ° C during pre-cooling. The rotor can also be pre-cooled in the refrigerator for several hours. The centrifuge cup can be directly stored in the refrigerator. cold.

Abnormal phenomena during centrifugation During the centrifugation process, if abnormal noise and vibration are found, the machine is immediately stopped and inspected, and it is not allowed to continue operation until the cause is found. The mainframe should be calibrated once every three months after the mainframe is maintained. The vacuum pump oil is processed every 500 million revolutions, and the carbon brush of the drive motor should be checked after 500 hours of operation. It is best to use a vacuum cleaner to remove the carbon powder generated by friction. If necessary, the carbon brush needs to be replaced or the commutator should be polished with fine sandpaper. Every 1500 hours or so, the bearing of the driving part and four high-speed grease should be cleaned. The joint between the rotating shaft and the rotor should be greased and rusted frequently. When not in use for a long time, it should be coated with rust-proof oil and greased paper. When not in use, it should be turned on once or twice a month at low speed, half an hour each time to ensure the normal operation of each part. As mentioned earlier, there are many types of centrifugal rotors with different shapes. It is troublesome to convert the centrifugal radius between each other. Therefore, the K-factor method of the centrifugal rotor is proposed to simplify the conversion between various centrifugal rotors.

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