The paper introduces the concept of light steel structures and their development in China, with a focus on comparative studies from Canada, Japan, and the United States. It discusses how light steel structures are used in residential buildings and highlights the industrialization of this construction method. In countries like Canada, the use of light steel framing has evolved over decades, leading to standardized systems that allow for mass production. This means that instead of ordering individual components, homeowners can now directly commission fully assembled light steel houses from contractors who have efficient design, production, and management systems. As a result, the entire process is streamlined, and the level of industrialization is very high.
In China, light steel structures have been in development for over 30 years. Although the industry started later than in other countries, it has seen significant growth in recent years due to economic expansion. Early examples include an 8-story steel structure building in Pudong, Shanghai, constructed in 1994, and a pilot project in Zhuozhou, Beijing, in 1998. These early projects laid the foundation for further development. More recently, several multi-story buildings have been constructed using light steel frames, including a 12-story test building in Maanshan and a 6-story steel frame shear wall system in Beijing.
Despite these developments, China's light steel housing system still faces challenges. Current designs often rely on frame or frame-shear wall systems, but these may not fully leverage the benefits of light steel structures. The lack of a suitable shear wall system that supports high assembly rates while maintaining structural performance remains a key issue. To address this, researchers are exploring new types of shear walls that offer better thermal insulation, fire resistance, and flexibility in layout.
Foreign research, particularly from Canada, the U.S., and Japan, has provided valuable insights. For example, thin-walled steel plate shear walls in Canada have shown good performance under seismic loads, though they suffer from poor thermal properties. Combined shear walls, such as those using precast concrete slabs and bolts, offer improved insulation and ductility but are still in the experimental phase. The two-stage working combined shear wall, which allows for different behaviors during small and large earthquakes, is a promising approach but requires further study.
China must avoid simply copying foreign models. Economic conditions and construction practices differ significantly, so solutions must be tailored to local needs. High-rise steel structures, for instance, emphasize lateral stability, while multi-story light steel homes require a balance between cost, efficiency, and performance. Similarly, the behavior of shear walls in concrete buildings differs from that in steel-framed structures, meaning that direct comparisons are not always valid.
In conclusion, future research should focus on developing a new type of shear wall that combines the advantages of steel and concrete, offering high assembly rates, good ductility, and multi-functional performance. This will help China fully realize the potential of light steel structures in residential construction.
Air Mattress
People know air mattress beds because they are widely used in life, such as for outings, outdoor camping, etc. It is very convenient to bring a lightweight blow up bed. It is also possible to use air mattresses at home. When you don't want a spare bed for the occasional overnight guest, an inflatable mattress is a convenient and compact solution.
â— Having strong environmental awareness, DOING is very concerned about the material and environmental protection of the air mattress beds, which uses non-polluting and environmental friendly materials.
â— The outdoor environment is different, Some campsites may have gravel, if the air bed material is too thin, it is easy to scratch and break. As a result, the DOING blow up mattress should be made of thick, durable, and wear-resistant materials.
â— In addition to enjoying physical and mental pleasure while camping, people also want to sleep well. The DOING inflatable bed has a design that fits the human body and makes some protrusions around the waist, spine, neck and other areas. Designed to give the body a fitter and relaxed state.
Air Mattress,Air Bed,Inflatable Mattress,Blow up Bed,Air Mattress Beds
Danyang Doing Articles Co.,Ltd , https://www.dydoing.com