Cellulose, the most abundant organic polymer on Earth, is found in the cell walls of green plants and various types of algae. Some bacteria are even capable of producing it. The heavy reliance on wood and wood products in the construction industry has led to significant environmental damage. In response, Swedish researchers are now exploring a groundbreaking 3D printing technology based on cellulose, with the goal of using it to construct entire houses. This innovation could revolutionize the building sector and reduce its ecological footprint.
A collaborative initiative called +Project has recently emerged, raising 17.6 million Swedish kronor (approximately RMB 131.6 million) from the EU Structural Funds. With a total value exceeding 35.3 million kronor (around RMB 26.4 million), the project is led by Sliperiet, a subsidiary of Umeå Arts Campus. Sliperiet offers maker spaces, incubators, and other creative facilities, and is at the heart of this ambitious effort. The main objective of +Project is to develop a range of 3D-printed cellulosic materials, ultimately aiming to build homes entirely from cellulose.
According to Marlene Johansson, director of Sliperiet, the project is designed to promote local manufacturing and foster collaboration. “This initiative is part of our broader strategy to create an interdisciplinary and innovative environment where companies can come together, share ideas, and work collaboratively within the region,†she explained.
The project focuses primarily on the wood and construction industries, as well as design and interior decoration. Its vision is to produce 3D-printed materials that can be used for everything from walls and window frames to full-scale homes. By leveraging the abundance of cellulose, the project aims to offer sustainable alternatives to traditional building materials.
+Project is scheduled to run until 2018, with the World Expo serving as a potential showcase for the technology. If all goes smoothly, we may soon witness the first 3D-printed houses made from the most plentiful organic material on the planet.
Linnéa Therese Dimitriou, creative director at Sliperiet, added: “While there are existing technologies for 3D printing concrete, this project will push the boundaries of digital manufacturing and mass customization. It presents exciting opportunities for the local forest and construction sectors.â€
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